Day10 测试写起乃-FactoryBot(2)

今天就来继续介绍 trait、parent、association、alias！

alias

简单来说就是更改 factory 名称

# users.rb
FactoryBot.define do
  factory :user, aliases: [:ck] do
    association :profile
    sequence(:name) { |n| "ck-#{n}"}
    sequence(:email) { |n| "ck-#{n}@gmail.com" }
  end
end

FactoryBot.build(:ck)
D, [2021-09-10T21:49:43.146980 #53028] DEBUG -- :    (1.8ms)  SELECT sqlite_version(*)
 => #<User id: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, name: "ck-1", email: "[email protected]", phone: nil, shop_id: nil>

parent

在 factory 里再建立一笔 factory 可以指定 parent 继承 parent 的 attributes

# profiles.rb
FactoryBot.define do
  factory :profile do
    address { "ck底加拉" }
    age { 18 }

    factory :ck_profile, parent: :profile do
      age { 2 }
    end
  end
end

2.6.6 :001 > FactoryBot.build(:ck_profile)
D, [2021-09-10T21:52:58.330179 #53106] DEBUG -- :    (1.7ms)  SELECT sqlite_version(*)
 => #<Profile id: nil, address: "ck底加拉", age: 2, user_id: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

association

可以在建立资料时关联相关的 model 一起建立

# users.rb
FactoryBot.define do
  factory :user do
    association :profile
    sequence(:name) { |n| "ck-#{n}"}
    sequence(:email) { |n| "ck-#{n}@gmail.com" }
  end
end

# profile.rb
FactoryBot.define do
  factory :profile do
    address { "ck底加拉" }
    age { 18 }
  end
end

2.6.6 :006 > user = FactoryBot.build(:user)
 => #<User id: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, name: "ck-4", email: "[email protected]", phone: nil, shop_id: nil>
2.6.6 :007 > user.profile
 => #<Profile id: nil, address: "ck底加拉", age: 18, user_id: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

也可以这样写

# users.rb
FactoryBot.define do
  factory :user do
    association :profile, factory: :ck_profile #找另一个profile的factory
    sequence(:name) { |n| "ck-#{n}"}
    sequence(:email) { |n| "ck-#{n}@gmail.com" }
  end
end

# profiles.rb
FactoryBot.define do
  factory :profile do
    address { "ck底加拉" }
    age { 18 }

    factory :ck_profile do
      address { "我家" }
      age { 2 }
    end
  end
end

2.6.6 :001 > FactoryBot.build(:user).profile
D, [2021-09-10T21:37:18.376241 #52655] DEBUG -- :    (1.6ms)  SELECT sqlite_version(*)
 => #<Profile id: nil, address: "我家", age: 2, user_id: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

也可以直接覆写 attribute

# users.rb
FactoryBot.define do
  factory :user do
    association :profile, address: '库拉比卡咖啡'
    sequence(:name) { |n| "ck-#{n}"}
    sequence(:email) { |n| "ck-#{n}@gmail.com" }
  end
end

2.6.6 :001 > FactoryBot.build(:user).profile
D, [2021-09-10T21:42:43.492216 #52784] DEBUG -- :    (1.7ms)  SELECT sqlite_version(*)
 => #<Profile id: nil, address: "库拉比卡咖啡", age: 18, user_id: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

不过因为预设得资料最好不要一直关联下去，会造成建立太多不必要的资料进而减慢测试速度所以建议使用等等介绍的 trait ！

trait

类似於把资料都分隔开，需要用到时再引用

# users.rb
FactoryBot.define do
  factory :user, aliases: [:ck] do
    sequence(:name) { |n| "ck-#{n}"}
    sequence(:email) { |n| "ck-#{n}@gmail.com" }

    trait :ck_user do
      association :profile
      name 'ck'
      email '[email protected]'
    end
    
    trait :normal_user do
      name 'nono'
      email '[email protected]'
    end
  end
end

2.6.6 :002 > ck = FactoryBot.build(:user, :ck_user)
 => #<User id: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, name: "ck", email: "[email protected]", phone: nil, shop_id: nil>
2.6.6 :003 > ck.profile
 => #<Profile id: nil, address: "ck底加拉", age: 18, user_id: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

也可以一次用上多种 trait

# users.rb
FactoryBot.define do
  factory :user, aliases: [:ck] do
    sequence(:name) { |n| "ck-#{n}"}
    sequence(:email) { |n| "ck-#{n}@gmail.com" }

    trait :ck_name do
      name { 'ck' }
    end
    
    trait :ck_email do
      email { '[email protected]' }
    end
  end
end

2.6.6 :001 > ck = FactoryBot.build(:user, :ck_name, :ck_email)
D, [2021-09-10T22:05:16.143022 #53864] DEBUG -- :    (2.3ms)  SELECT sqlite_version(*)
 => #<User id: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, name: "ck", email: "[email protected]", phone: nil, shop_id: nil>

当然他可以做很多组合技，我们之後范例会慢慢使用到，明天会再继续介绍 factorybot !